Presentation N° 26

Abstract

The challenges for the EU have been continuous and of different kinds; the causes of the recently overcome crisis have been, among others: the various pressures that the European institutions have had to overcome since the Brexit referendum in 2016, the presence of unemployment, the migratory waves of 2015 and 2016, coupled with political refugees, terrorism, the low economic growth after the economic crises of 2008 that took time to recover until well into 2015, the increase in the presence of far-right parties and nationalisms, as well as the phenomenon of Euroscepticism that is unfortunately present, in addition to the appearance of Covid-19, which in 2020 led to the closure of borders in the Schengen area and limited transfers, putting the health system to the test and currently the reconfiguration of European security from the conflict in Eurasia. This issue seeks to explore forms of international cooperation, the influence of international organisations, social movements and European security.